What Is High Speed Rail?

Combining high-speed trains with high-speed lines to slash travel times in half.

 

 

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Little boy and his father are boarding a high-speed train.

High-Speed Rail is proven

There are over 28,000 miles of high-speed line in over 20 countries.

It is a transformative way to travel, combining speed, efficiency, and sustainability to revolutionize how we connect.

At its core, high-speed rail has two components:

  1. High-speed trains: The fastest trains cruise at 220 mph.
  2. Dedicated high-speed lines: All other railroads, roads, and walkways go over or under the tracks to create a sealed corridor.

High-speed rail is the backbone of integrated train and bus networks.

What Does High-Speed Rail Deliver?

Millions of people will choose the train instead of flying or driving.

High-speed rail changes the way people think about travel.

From the moment you step on board to the moment you arrive, trains give you the freedom to walk around, use the restroom, or visit the café car. There are no restrictions on using your phone, tablet or laptop.

Same-day, round-trip travel becomes possible to many more destinations, making being there in person easier.

And, by switching car trips to train trips, trains build stronger communities and reduce carbon emissions.

A shot of a family of four sitting around a table on a train during a journey from Newcastle to Edinburgh. They are all laughing together, dressed in casual clothing and it is summertime. On the table there are various plastic containers of food, a mobile phone, and the two adults have paper coffee cups.

Benefits of train travel

These benefits are true for most trains, and high-speed rail gets you there faster than driving

Looking over the train driver's shoulder at the control desk and out the windshield.

Flexibility

Often, you can buy a ticket and be on the train in 10 or 15 minutes.

A workstation for a train dispatcher.

Comfort

Trains give you the freedom to walk around, use the restroom, or visit the café car.

There are no restrictions on using your phone, tablet or laptop.

The front area of Rome Termini station is busy with travelers and waiting taxis.

Convenience

A mix of downtown, suburban and airport stations puts you closer to your destination, making it easier to connect with friends or colleagues.

A row of ticket machines at the Brightline station in Orlando airport.

Affordability

Economy class fares are typically competitive with the cost of driving, even for walk-up fares.

Young business woman on train station holding tablet and having a coffee while waiting for transport

Help bring high-speed rail to America

Members of the High Speed Rail Alliance are working together to make fast, frequent, and affordable trains a part of everyday life.

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What are High-Speed Trains?

The powerhouse electric vehicles

High-tech, energy-efficient machines

High-speed trains are lightweight and aero-dynamic, able to accelerate quickly. Inside, the ride is quiet and smooth.

The smallest trains have twice the seats as the largest planes, but offer greater comfort and legroom.

In many countries, high-speed trains operate on both high-speed and conventional track in a single journey.

ICE high-speed train southbound near Lindburg Germany.

Features of high-speed trains

All of these features are a good idea, no matter what the speed.
They are all required to go very fast.

Looking over the train driver's shoulder at the control desk and out the windshield.

Onboard signalling

High-speed trains train movements are authorized from a single dispatch center covering a large region.

Signals are shown in the cab to ensure that instructions are not missed at high speeds.

A workstation for a train dispatcher.

Automatic train control

Automatic Train Control will stop the train quickly in an emergency.

Aerodynamic baffles on a Frecciarossa train at a trade show.

Aerodynamics

Streamlined shapes, tapered noses, and smooth surfaces minimize drag, allowing trains to reach higher speeds with less energy.

The pantograph of a Chinese high-speed train, taken from above.

Electrification

Moving the power source off the transit is essential to keeping the train light enough to sustain high-speeds.

What are High-Speed Lines?

Game-changing speed and reliability

Like Interstate Highways

High-speed lines are like interstate highways with gentle curves and easy hills. All other railroads, roads, and walkways go over or under the tracks to create a sealed corridor.

Typically, the lines are newly built, but sometimes existing lines are upgraded. Design speeds range from 125 mph to 250 mph.

The newest lines in Europe operate at 200 mph.  Several lines in China operate at 220 mph.

A picture of a high-speed train on a high-speed line with the following labels: Separate freight track, no highway crossings, electrification, tracks optimized for speed.

The core ingredients of high-speed lines

All of these ingredients are a good idea, no matter what the speed.
They are all required to go very fast.

A overhead view of a new highway bridge over a four-lane highway, a railroad and the new right-of-way for the California high-speed line.

Separate freight tracks

Fast, short, and light trains going 90 mph or more should be separated from slower, long, and heavy freight trains.

An Italo high-speed train is passing under a highway bridge.

No level crossings

All highways, walkways, and roads must go over or under the tracks at 110 mph or faster.

Rigid track

High-speed trains need precise, rigid track.

American freight trains need flexible tracks to deal with heavy loads.

A section of new high-speed line showing the catenary.

Electrification

Overhead wires are required for speeds over 125 mph.

The Backbone

High-speed rail should be a part of an integrated network of trains, buses and planes that all work together.

With easy and reliable travel connections, more people are drawn to the network. More demand makes the case for more frequent service, which further drives demand.

So high-speed rail is really the heart of a rich and complex system linking together hundreds of cities and towns with seamless and nearly effortless mobility.

Learn more about the integrated network approach

Ca State Rail Plan Final Map 2018

California first published their integrated network plan in 2018.

Two high-speed rail segments are under construction

When the Pennsylvania Turnpike opened in 1940, it proved the case for a national network of all-weather, “high-speed” highways. We need an initial high-speed line to launch an American high-speed rail network. One of these could be that line.

A section of high-speed line under construction in the Central Valley.

California High-Speed Rail

California is constructing a new high-speed line that will connect the San Francisco, the Silicon Valley and Los Angeles in three hours or less.

 
 

Learn More

A conceptual rendering of the proposed Brightline West station in Rancho Cucamonga, Ca.

Brightline West

Brightline West is set to break ground on a new high-speed line linking Las Vegas and the Los Angeles Basin.  Targeted for 2028, they will be the first American trains to exceed 186mph.

 
 

Learn More

Join the High Speed Rail Alliance and help spread this success across the country.

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Support the American High-Speed Rail Act of 2026

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